Immunotherapy has become a significant player in treating various cancers, including endometrial cancer. The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors, which help the immune system recognize and attack cancer cells, has shown promise, particularly in endometrial cancers that have certain genetic characteristics such as mismatch repair deficiency (MMRd) or microsatellite instability-hypermutated (MSI-H) status. These cancers tend to have many mutations, making them more visible to the immune system and, therefore, potentially more responsive to immunotherapy. Several clinical trials are determining the safety and efficacy of new treatment combinations and strategies. Here’s a brief overview of these trials:

1. RUBY Trial (NCT03981796): This is a Phase 3 trial comparing the efficacy and safety of dostarlimab (an anti-PD-1 therapy) in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in participants with recurrent or primary advanced endometrial cancer. This trial is particularly focused on patients with MMRd tumors.

2. NRG-GY018 (NCT03914612): This is a Phase 2/3 trial designed to evaluate the effectiveness of atezolizumab, an anti-PD-L1 antibody, combined with carboplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer.

3. AtTEnd (NCT03603184): The AtTEnd study is a Phase 2 trial investigating the addition of atezolizumab to standard chemotherapy (carboplatin and paclitaxel) in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer.

4. DUO-E (NCT04269200): This is a Phase 3 trial comparing the efficacy of durvalumab (an anti-PD-L1 therapy) in combination with chemotherapy followed by maintenance therapy with durvalumab and bevacizumab versus chemotherapy alone in patients with newly diagnosed advanced endometrial cancer.

The results from these trials will help inform medical professionals about the potential benefits of combining immunotherapy with standard chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer, especially in the subset of patients with MMRd/MSI-H tumors. pic by freepik   source: https://www.annalsofoncology.org/article/S0923-7534(24)00056-5/fulltext?rss=yes